The workflow could not update the item, possibly because one or more columns for the item require a different type of information

Hello Steven,

There is default Document Type content type . Its an OOTB Approval workflow template.

Yes one more information I can give you is when we Uncheck "Start this workflow to approve publishing a major version of an item" the workflow works fine without any issue.

Let me know if you need any more details.

Regards,

Purvish Shah